NieR Replicant ver.1.22474487139...

There's a very high chance you'll unlock this naturally as you play through the game, especially if you're picking up every little shiny object you come across as you travel along your adventure. All trash and crafting items count as "raw materials". The only thing that really doesn't are Fish. You'll need to collect 50 unique types of materials, but you don't need to have all 50 on you at one single time (thank goodness). You'll pick up 44 unique materials alone for all of the weapon upgrades, and you'll undoubtedly pick up the last 6 you need from drops on enemies or out in the open world. You can check your progress towards this by going to the "Item" tab in the Grimoire and selecting "Raw Materials". As soon as you've picked up the 50th unique materials, the trophy will unlock.